Research on competitiveness evaluation of rural new business form under the background of digital village construction
数字乡村建设背景下乡村新业态竞争力评价研究

摘要

为探究数字乡村建设背景下乡村新业态的发展机理，测度我国30个省（市）2014—2022年乡村新业态竞争力，明确区域间竞争力差异及增长特征，为推动乡村新业态发展提供依据。以波特产业竞争钻石模型为理论指导，研究基于构建的包含6个维度、18个具体指标的竞争力评价体系，采用客观赋权的熵值法确定各指标权重并计算各省份历年竞争力综合得分，进而运用Q型系统聚类法，依据竞争力得分及其年均增长率两个核心维度，对30个省（市）进行类型划分。研究发现：我国乡村新业态竞争力整体偏低；30个省（市）竞争力水平及增长速度差异显著；聚类显示，广东省、浙江省、山东省、江苏省为高竞争力、高增长的优势区，多数地区处于低竞争力、高增长的潜力区。针对发展薄弱地区，本文提出制定差异化政策、依托地方特色资源、加强区域协同合作等建议，全面提升乡村新业态竞争力。

Abstract

This study aims to explore the development mechanism of rural new industries and business forms under the background of digital rural construction, measure the competitiveness of rural new industries and business forms in 30 provinces (cities) in China from 2014 to 2022, clarify the differences and growth characteristics of competitiveness among regions, and provide a basis for promoting the development of rural new industries and business forms. Based on Porter's Diamond Model of Industry Competition, this paper studies the evaluation system of competitiveness, which includes 6 dimensions and 18 specific indicators. Using the entropy method of objective weighting to determine the weight of each index and calculate the comprehensive score of competitiveness of each province over the years, and then using the Q-type system clustering method, according to the two core dimensions of competitiveness score and annual average growth rate, 30 provinces (cities) are classified into types. The results show that the overall competitiveness of rural new industries and business forms in China is low; the competitiveness level and growth rate of 30 provinces (cities) are significantly different; the cluster analysis shows that Guangdong, Zhejiang, Shandong and Jiangsu provinces are the dominant areas of high competitiveness and high growth, while most regions are in the potential areas of low competitiveness and high growth. In view of the weak development areas, this paper puts forward some suggestions, such as formulating differentiated policies, relying on local characteristic resources, and strengthening regional cooperation, to comprehensively enhance the competitiveness of rural new industries and business forms.